Substrate-Independence: A thread about terminology, definitions and subsets

2045: 2045.com & Global Future 2045

Koene, R.A. (2012). Fundamentals of Whole Brain Emulation: State, Transition and Update Representations, Special Issue of the International Journal on Machine Consciousness, Vol.4, No.1, (pre-print): http://carboncopies.org/research-projects/articles-and-essays/koene.IJMC.fundamentals-of-WBE-state-transition-and-update-representations.proofs-20120410.pdf

Koene, R.A. (2012). Experimental Research in Whole Brain Emulation: The Need for Innovative In-Vivo Measurement Techniques, Special Issue of the International Journal on Machine Consciousness, Vol.4, No.1, (pre-print): http://carboncopies.org/research-projects/articles-and-essays/koene.IJMC.experimental-research-in-WBE-the-need-for-innovative-in-vivo-measurement-techniques.proofs-20120410.pdf

Whole Brain Emulation: Roadmap (v1.0, 2007-2008, Future of Humanity Institute)

The Society of Neural Prosthetics and Whole Brain Emulation Science: minduploading.org

The Neural Prostheses Foundation investigating Transfer of Functions of the Mind: NeuralProstheses.Org

Whole Brain Emulation and the Nematode (Jeff Kaufman)

Kozloski, J. and Wagner, J. (2011). An Ultrascalable Solution to Large-scale Neural Tissue Simulation, Frontiers in Neuroinformatics, Vol. 5, No.15, doi: 10.3389/fninf.2011.00015: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3175572/

Parker, A.C., Friesz, A.K., and Pakdaman, A. (2006). Towards a Nanoscale Artificial Cortex, presented at The 2006 International Conference on Computing in Nanotechnology (CNAN'06), June 26-29, 2006, Las Vegas, USA: http://eve.usc.edu/Publications/NanoscaleArtificialCortex.pdf
BlueBrain project: http://bluebrain.epfl.ch/ (Henry Markram)

Neuroscience: Large-Scale High-Resolution Brain Data Acquisition and Connectomics
Whole-Brain Ultrastructural Mapping: http://homes.mpimf-heidelberg.mpg.de/~smikula/blockface/ (Shawn Mikula)

Mouse Brain Architecture Project: http://brainarchitecture.org/ (Partha Mitra)

ATLUM: http://www.mcb.harvard.edu/lichtman/ATLUM/ATLUM_web.htm (Ken Hayworth)
KESM: http://research.cs.tamu.edu/bnl/kesm.html (Yoonsuck Choe, Todd Huffman)

Knife-Edge Scanning Microscope Brain Atlas: http://kesm.cs.tamu.edu/

Human Connectome Project: http://www.humanconnectomeproject.org

Human Brain Project: http://www.humanbrainproject.eu/organisation.html

Open Connectome Project: http://openconnectomeproject.org

Comparison of Brain Projects: http://synapticlink.org/BrainProjectComparison.htm

Briggman, K.L., Helmstaedter, M., and Denk, W. (2011). Wiring Specificity in the Direction-Selectivity circuit of the retina, Nature, Vol.471, 183-188: http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v471/n7337/full/nature09818.html

Bock, D.D., Lee, W.-C.A., Kerlin, A.M., Andermann, M.L., Hood, G., Wetzel, A.W., Yurgenson, S., Soucy, E.R., Kim, H.S., and Reid, R.C. (2011). Network anatomy and in vivo physiology of visual cortical neurons, Nature, Vol.471, 177-182: http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v471/n7337/full/nature09802.html

Andres, B., Koethe, U., Kroeger, T., Helmstaedter, M., Briggman, K.L., Denk, W. and Hamprecht, F.A. (2012).  3D Segmentation of SBFSEM Images of Neuropil by a Graphical Model of Supervoxel Boundaries, Medical Image Analysis, Vol.16(4), 796-805, doi:10.1016/j.media.2011.11.004: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1361841511001666 (contact rak@carboncopies.org for a PDF of the full article)

Alivisatos, A.P., Chun, M., Church, G.M., Greenspan, R.J., Roukes, M.L. and Yuste, R. (2012). The Brain Activity Map Project and the Challenge of Functional Connectomics, Neuron, Vol. 74(6), 970-974. doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2012.06.006: http://www.cell.com/neuron/abstract/S0896-6273(12)00518-1

Kording, K.P. (2011). Of toasters and molecular ticker tapes, PLoS Computational Biology, Vol. 7(12): e1002291. doi:10.1371/journal.pcbi.1002291: http://klab.smpp.northwestern.edu/wiki/images/7/7d/Kording_Toaster_Molecular_Ticket_Tapes_2011.pdf
Stevenson, I.H., Kording, K.P. (2011). How advances in neural recording affect data analysis, Nature Neuroscience, Vol.14(2), 139-142: http://klab.wikidot.com/local--files/ian-stevenson/nn.2731.pdf

Synthetic Neurobiology Group: http://syntheticneurobiology.org/ (Ed Boyden)

White, J.G., Southgate, E., Thomson, J.N., and Brenner, S., F.R.S. (1986). The Structure of the Nervous System of the Nematode Caenorhabditis Elegans, Phil. Trans. Royal Soc. London. Series B, Biol Scien. Vol.314, Issue 1165, 1-340: http://www.wormatlas.org/ver1/MoW_built0.92/toc.html

SFN BrainFacts: http://brainfacts.org

Cracking the Neural Code, Third Annual Aspen Brain Forum (2012), Slides and Audio provided in the "Media" section: http://www.nyas.org/Publications/Ebriefings/Detail.aspx?cid=bd737d49-01a9-49b2-a337-681146892540

Neural-Prosthesis.com: http://www.neural-prosthesis.com/ (Ted Berger)
BrainGate project: http://www.braingate2.org/ (John Donoghue)

Gómez-Martínez, R., Vázquez, P., Duch, M., Muriano, A., Pinacho, D., Sanvicens, N., Sánchez-Baeza, F., Boya, P., de la Rosa, E. J., Esteve, J., Suárez, T. and Plaza, J. A. (2010), Intracellular Silicon Chips in Living Cells. Small, 6: 499–502. doi: 10.1002/smll.200901041: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/smll.200901041/abstract